Empathy is crucial for connection, healing and compassion and is about understanding and sharing the feelings of others rather than offering quick fixes or dismissing emotions. By setting aside judgment, truly listening to others, and connecting with their emotions without trying to fix or minimize their pain, you can build meaningful, empathetic connections. Empathy is a skill that can be cultivated through practice, and it’s one of the most powerful ways to foster genuine relationships and support others through difficult times. Below are steps that can help us build empathy and strengthen our connections with others:
1. Perspective-Taking
- See the world from another person’s viewpoint: Empathy starts with trying to understand how the other person is seeing and experiencing a situation. This means setting aside your own judgments and truly imagining what it feels like to be in their shoes.
- Avoid judgment: Brown emphasizes that empathy involves non-judgment. When someone shares something vulnerable, it’s easy to judge or dismiss their feelings, but empathy requires you to simply listen and accept their perspective, even if it’s different from your own.
- Stay Out of Judgment
- Avoid “shoulds” and advice-giving: Rather than trying to fix the situation or offer solutions, empathy requires resisting the urge to judge the other person’s emotions or circumstances. Sentiments like “you should feel grateful” or “you shouldn’t feel that way” block empathy.
- Be open and curious: Instead of assuming you know what someone should or shouldn’t feel, practice curiosity. Ask questions or simply listen without preconceived notions about what is “right” or “wrong” to feel.
- Recognize Emotion in Others
- Tune into emotions, not just words: Empathy involves recognizing the emotional undertones of someone’s experience. This means being aware of body language, tone of voice, and underlying emotions, even if they’re not explicitly stated.
- Validate their feelings: Even if you haven’t had the same experience, you can validate emotions by acknowledging them. Phrases like “That sounds really tough,” or “I can see how you’d feel that way,” let the other person know you’re connecting with their emotions.
- Communicate Your Understanding
- Reflect back what you hear: To show empathy, let the person know you understand their feelings. You might say, “It sounds like you’re really hurt by what happened,” or “I can hear how overwhelming this is for you.”
- Avoid dismissing or minimizing: Empathy isn’t about saying “It’s not that bad” or “Everything will be fine.” Even if your intentions are good, these statements can make the other person feel unheard. Instead, acknowledge their pain without trying to lessen it.
- Connect with Your Own Vulnerability
- Access your own emotions: Brown emphasizes that empathy requires being in touch with your own vulnerability. If you can connect with your own feelings of fear, sadness, or frustration, you’re better equipped to relate to what someone else is experiencing.
- Share in the emotion: Rather than feeling sorry for someone (which is sympathy), empathy is about sharing in the feeling. It means letting yourself feel discomfort with them and acknowledging that their pain is valid.
- Be Present
- Show up fully: One of the most important elements of empathy is being fully present with the other person. This means setting aside distractions and focusing completely on the conversation. Empathy doesn’t require you to have all the answers—just to show up and listen.
- Sit with discomfort: Sometimes, empathy involves sitting with someone’s pain without trying to fix it. It can be uncomfortable to witness another person’s suffering, but true empathy requires being there for them, even when it’s hard.
- Mind Your Responses
- Don’t downplay or “silver line” the pain: Brown often speaks about how empathy is hindered when people try to offer silver linings. For example, saying, “Well, at least you still have your health” can make someone feel like their pain is dismissed. Instead, acknowledge the difficulty of what they’re going through without offering quick fixes.
- Avoid “at least” statements: Empathy means listening without comparison. Phrases like “At least…” minimize the other person’s feelings. Instead, try to stay with the emotion being expressed, without trying to shift the focus elsewhere.
- Empathy in Action
- Practice emotional attunement: Building empathy is not just about words, but about actions and body language that show you’re fully attuned to the other person’s emotions. Nodding, maintaining eye contact, and showing concern with your posture can all help convey empathy.
- Offer support that matches their needs: Once you’ve listened and connected with the other person’s emotions, offer support that aligns with what they need. Sometimes they may want advice, but often they just need someone to listen or sit with them in their discomfort.